The working principle of the hydraulic cylinder is based on Pascal's principle, that is, when the liquid transmits pressure in a closed container, the pressure is equal in all directions. Specifically, a hydraulic cylinder works by transmitting pressure and force through hydraulic oil.
A hydraulic cylinder consists of a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod. When hydraulic oil enters the cylinder, it pushes the piston forward. Since the hydraulic oil is incompressible within the cylinder, it will transmit pressure evenly, causing the piston rod to generate corresponding thrust. When the hydraulic oil flows out from the other end of the cylinder barrel, the piston moves backward, thus achieving the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder.
The output force of the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of the piston and the pressure difference on both sides. Therefore, by adjusting the flow, pressure and direction of the hydraulic oil, the movement speed, thrust and direction of the hydraulic cylinder can be controlled. In addition, the hydraulic cylinder also has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, can realize reciprocating motion, eliminates the need for deceleration device, has no transmission gap, and has smooth movement, etc., so it is widely used in the hydraulic systems of various machinery.
In practical applications, hydraulic cylinders also need to be equipped with sealing devices, buffer devices, exhaust devices and other ancillary equipment to ensure their normal operation and improve work efficiency. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the impact of factors such as the cleanliness, temperature and viscosity of the hydraulic oil on the performance of the hydraulic cylinder.
In short, the working principle of a hydraulic cylinder is based on Pascal's principle and the transmission of pressure by hydraulic oil. By controlling the flow, pressure and direction of hydraulic oil, various movement modes and thrust control of the hydraulic cylinder can be achieved.
